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delivered to Satan*, that they may be taught not to blaspheme.

CH.II. I exhort therefore, first of all, that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and giving of thanks, be made for 2 all men; for kings, and for all that are in high station; that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all god3 liness and gravity. For this is good and acceptable in 4 the sight of God our Saviour; who desireth that all men should be saved, and come to the knowledge of the truth. 5 For there is one God, and one mediator also between God 6 and men, the man Christ Jesus; who gave himself a ransom for allt, a doctrine to be testified of in its proper 7 time; of which I have been appointed a preacher and an apostle, (I speak the truth, I speak not falsely,) an instructer of the gentiles in faith and truth.

8 I will therefore that men pray in every place, lifting 2 up holy hands, without anger and disputing: in like manner that women also adorn themselves in decent apparel, with modesty and soberness of mind; not with 10 plaited hair, or gold, or pearls, or costly array: but (which becometh women professing the worship of God) 11 by good works. Let the woman learn in silence, with 12 all subjection. But I suffer not the woman to teach, or

to usurp authority over the man; but command her to re13 main in silence. For Adam was formed first, and Eve 14 afterward: and Adam was not deceived; but the woman, 15 having been deceived, was in the transgression. Notwithstanding, she shall be preserved in || child-bearing;

* "That is, he had excommunicated them." Dr. Priestley. See 1 Cor. v. 5. He had expelled them from that community, of which Christ was the head and ruler, to the kingdom of heathenism and darkness, of which Satan was the supposed chief.

† i. e. a means of deliverance from the bondage of the ceremonial law and of heathen idolatry.

# I speak the truth in Christ, R. T.

A

"Sec dia, in the state of, Rom. ii. 27; iv. 11. 2 Cor. v. 10. I am apt to consider δια της τεκνογονίας as an ancient marginal note; though I do not find any exter nal authority for such a supposition." Newcome.

if they continue in faith, and love, and holiness, with soberness of mind.

CH.III. These are true words: "If a man wish for the office

of a bishop *, he desireth an honourable employment." 2 A bishop* then must be blameless, the husband of one wifet, sober, self-governed, decent, hospitable, apt to 3 teach; not a continuer at wine, not a striker; but 4 mild, not contentious, not covetous; one that ruleth his own family well, having his children in subjection with 5 all gravity: (but if a man know not how to rule his own family, how can he take care of the church of God?) 6 Not a new convert, lest he be lifted up with vanity, and 7 fall into the condemnation of the accuser ||. Moreover, he must have a good testimony from those that are without: lest he fall into reproach, and the snare of the accuser ||.

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manner the women

In like manner the deacons must be grave, not doubletongued, not given to much wine, not greedy of base 9 gain: holding the mystery of the faith with a pure con10 science. And let these first be proved; then let them use 11 the office of deacon, being found irreproachable. In like must be grave, not slanderers, sober, Let the deacons be husbands of one wife, ruling their children and their own families well. 13 For those that have used the office of a deacon well, acquire to themselves an honourable rank, and great freedom of speech in the faith which is in Christ Jesus.

12 faithful in all things.

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I write these things unto thee, hoping to come unto 15 thee shortly: but if I delay, that thou mayest know how thou oughtest to behave thyself in the house of God, which is the church of the living God, as a pillar and support of the truth.

* Or, an overseer, a superintendant of the church, the same as a presbyter, or elder. See Acts xx, 17.28.

† "Not guilty of polygamy, or of causeless divorce." Newcome.

‡ The received text here adds, "not given to filthy lucre."

devil, N. "lest he be justly condemned by those who watch for an occasion to calumniate and accuse Christians." Newcome. "Accuser" is the Primate's marginal version. His text is, "such condemnation as that of the devil."

"Who were deaconesses, Rom, xvi. 1." Newcome.

16

And, without controversy, the mystery of godliness is great*: He who was manifestedt in the flesh was justified by the spirit||, seen by messengers, preached to the gentiles††, believed on in the world ‡‡, received in glory ||||.

CH. IV. But

the spirit saith expressly that, in latter times, some will fall away from the faith, giving heed to decéit2 ful spirits, and to doctrines concerning demons; through the hypocrisy of those who speak falsehoods, of those 3 whose conscience is seared with a hot iron; who forbid to marry, and command to abstain from kinds of food,

* Or, And the mystery of the true worship is confessedly great. N. m. † The Primate adopts the received text, "God was manifested." But in the mar. gin he gives the reading retained here; which is also the reading in the text of Gries bach's second edition. This is supported by the Alexandrian and Ephrem MSS. The Vatican is mutilated. The Clermont reads (8) that which. Later copies have Θεος, God. "All the old versions," says Dr. Clarke, (Doct. of Trin. No. 88, 89) "have who or which. And all the ancient fathers, though the copies of many of them have it now in the text itself Θεος, God: yet from the tenor of their comments upon it, and from their never citing it in the Arian controversy, it appears that they always read it (05) who, or (0) which-Note, it must not be judged from the present copies of the text in Nyssen and others, but from their manner of commenting upon the place, how the text was read in their days." Abp. Newcome observes, that if we read (05) he who, we have a construction like Mark iv. 25. Luke viii. 18. Rom. viii. 32.

‡ was evidently a real man, a proper human being, and not a man in appearance only, as the Gnostics and Docetæ taught; to whom the apostle seems to allude ch. i. 4; vi. 20. Compare 1 John iv. 2,3; 2 John, ver. 7.

|| "declared to be righteous, and the Christ, by the attestation of the holy spirit."

Newcome.

"by the apostles, who were his angels or messengers to the world," Benson. *angels," N.

†† "This mystery St. Paul particularly insists on, Eph. iii. 4, 5, 6." Newcome. "Among distant nations, as well as among the Jews." Newcome.

"met with a glorious reception," Benson, who refers to Acts xx. 13, 14; xxiii. 31. Eph. vi. 15. 2 Tim. iv. 11, in support of this sense of the word ανεληφθη. He interprets the apostle's language of the multitudes which in the apostolic age embraced the Christian religion. Newcome renders the clause "taken up into glory," explaining it of the consequences of Christ's ascension.

এশ Yet, N.

which God created to be partaken of with thanksgiving by those who are believers, and who know this truth*, 4 that every creature of God is good, and nothing is to be 5 refused, if it be received with thanksgiving: for it is 6 sanctified † by the word of God, and by prayer. If thou tell the brethren these things †, thou wilt be a good minister of Jesus Christ, nourished up in the words of the faith, and of the || good doctrine to which thou hast attained.

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But reject profane and old women's fables; and exer8 cise thyself to godliness: for bodily exercise profiteth little; but godliness is profitable for all things, having promise of the life which now is, and of that which is to 9 come. These are true words, and worthy to be received 10 by all. For on this account we both labour and suffer reproach, because we trust in the living God, who is a preserver** of all men, but especially of those who be11 lieve. These things give in charge and teach.

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Let no man despise thy youth: but be thou an example to the believers, in discourse, in behaviour, in 13 love, in faith, in puritytt. Till I come, give attention 14 to reading, to exhortation, to teaching. Neglect not the

gift that is in thee, which was given thee by prophecy, 15 with the putting on of the hands of the elders. Meditate

on these things; give thyself wholly to them; that thy 16 progress may appear to all take heed to thyself, and to thy teaching; continue in them for by doing this thou wilt save both thyself, and those that hear thee.

Rebuke not an elder, but exhort him as a father;

CH. v.

* know the truth. For, etc. N. See Wakefield and Macknight.

† i. e. made lawful by a divine warrant.

† Or, "suggest these things to the brethren," N. m. Or, "laying these things be

fore the brethren."

|| that, N.

Or, bodily exercise is profitable for a short time only, but godliness is profitable for all time, etc. See Wakefield and Rosenmuller.

*the Saviour, N. See Macknight.

†† Or, in chastity.

2 and the younger men as brethren: the elder women as mothers; the younger, as sisters, with all purity*.

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Support† widows that are widows indeed. But if any 4 widow have children or grand-children, let them learn in the first place to treat their own family piously, and to requite their progenitors; for this is acceptable before 5 God. Now she that is a widow indeed, and left alone, hopeth in God, and continueth in supplications and 6 prayers night and day: but she who rioteth in pleasure, 7 is dead while she liveth. These things also give in charge; 8 that they may be blameless. But if any provide not for his own, and especially for those of his own household, he denieth & the faith, and is worse than an unbeliever.

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Let not a widow be taken into the number || of deaconesses under sixty years old, having been the wife of 10 one husband, well reported of for good works; if she have brought up children, if she have lodged strangers, if she have washed the feet of the saints, if she have relieved the afflicted, if she have diligently followed every 11 good work. But reject younger widows; for when they grow weary of the restraints of Christ, they desire to 12 marry; and are blameable, because they have laid aside 13 their first resolution : and at the same time they learn to be idle also, going about from house to house; and not idle only, but tattlers also, and busy-bodies, speaking what 14 they ought not. I will therefore that the younger widows

marry, bear children, guide their family, give no oc15 casion to the adversary of speaking reproachfully. For 16 some** have already turned aside after Satan. If any man or woman who believeth have widows, let such re

* Or, chastity. † Gr. Honour. † Or, he hath denied. || Or, Let not a widow be registered, i. e. to be supported at the publick expense. But the other is more probable. See Benson.

See Wakefield. The Primate's version is, "But reject the younger widows; for when they become inordinate against Christ, they desire to marry; having condemnation, because they have cast off their first faith."

some women, N. To turn aside after Satan is to apostatize from the Christian faith. See chap.. 20,

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