geographers extensive countries, containing as dense a population as the best inhabited parts of Europe. Clapperton in his last journey to Saccatoo from the sea coast, passed through a succession of towns, a few miles apart, three or four of which contained upwards of 50,000 inhabitantsand several of them over 20,000. That an intercourse may be advantageously opened with most of those nations, admits of no dispute, and thus a vast future field for the consumption of American products and manufac tures be laid open.

"From these recent journeys little doubt remains on our minds that there is a connection between the river Niger and Lake Tchad in lat. 12, if the river does not indeed empty into the lake. From Lake Tchad the head waters of the Bahrel Abiad, the chief branch of the Nile, cannot be very distant, thus rendering the intercourse throughout the fertile regions in the interior comparatively easy, when once a stop is put to the trade ih slaves, and the predatory incursions now made to obtain them.

"It may be safely asserted' that no foreign settlement has flourished more or acquired greater stability, in the same space of time than the Colony of Liberia. It has far exceeded the anticipations of its most sanguine friends."

New York State Col. Society.

We have just received the Report of the proceedings of this recently organized, but very active and promising Institution. We now publish the Resolutions adopted by this Society, and shall hereafter insert liberal extracts from the interesting and eloquent speeches by which they were sustained.

The New York State Colonization Society held its first Anniversary Meeting at the Capitol, in the city of Albany, on Friday the 2d of April, 1830.

The President of the Society, Chief Justice Savage, being absent from the city, the chair was taken at 7 o'clock, P. M. by the Hon. Nathaniel P. Tallmadge, one of the Vice-Presidents.

The minutes of the meeting held on the 9th and 11th days of April, 1829, for the purpose of organizing the Society, were then read by the Secretary.

B. F. Butler, Esq. in behalf of the Board of Managers, stated, that instead of making a formal report, the Managers had requested him to communicate to the meeting a brief account of the proceedings of the Board during the last year. After stating those proceedings, Mr. B. gave a succinct account of the operations of the parent Society, during the same period.

The following resolution, offered by John A. Dix, Esq. of Cooperstown, Otsego county, and seconded by Alonzo F. Paige, Esq. of Schenectady, was unanimously adopted:

"Resolved, That the Board of Managers be requested to cause such information to be disseminated in relation to the plan of colonizing the free blacks of the United States in Africa, and to adopt such measures as they may deem best calculated to promote the formation of Auxiliary Societies in the different counties in this state."

Mr. Smith offered the following resolutions, which were seconded by Mr. Hammond, and unanimously adopted by the Society.

"Whereas the removal from the United States of our rapidly increasing free black population is, both politically and morally, a measure of the most urgent necessity: and whereas private benevolence, generously and successfully as it has entered upon this measure, is nevertheless not to be relied on for the full accomplishment of it:

Resolved, therefore, That the managers of this Auxiliary Society pre pare a memorial to the Legislature of this state; and invite the immedi ate publication of it in all the newspapers printed in the state.

Resolved, That this memorial shall not be presented to the legislature, until its next session; to the end, that there may be opportunity for pub. lic opinion to pronounce on its merits; and that they, who shall legislate on it, may have the benefit of knowing the views and wishes of their constituents in relation to it.

Resolved, That the memorial shall pray the legislature to aid in the removal of that portion of our free black population desirous to remove to Africa, by enacting a law, which shall appropriate a sum of money towards it annually for ten years: and the memorial shall suggest to the members of the Legislature, as another safeguard against extending their munificence to this object beyond the approbation of their constituents, the propriety of having this sum exceed in no one year the amount of the contributions within that year of the citizens of this state to the same object.

"Resolved, That the managers call earnestly on the citizens of this state to petition the legislature, at an early period of its next session, in behalf of the objects of the above memorial."

At a meeting of the Managers of the New York State Colonization So. ciety, held on the sixth day of April, 1830, it was

"Resolved, That the thanks of the Managers and of the Society they represent, be presented to those Ministers who delivered discourses within this state, during the last year, in aid of African Colonization; and that a printed copy of the proceedings of the Society and this resolution, be transmitted to each of them."

The amount of funds received by the Society, during the last year, was $489.22; $300 of which have been paid over to the parent Society.

Pennsylvania State Col. Society.

We have heretofore mentioned the generous and very efficient efforts recently made by the citizens of Philadelphia, in behalf of our Institution. The Report of the proceedings of the Pennsylvania Society, during the last year, has just reached us, and affords gratifying evidence of the zeal and energy with which the members of that association have prosecuted the great work in which they are engaged.

"On the 21st of October, 1829, a meeting of the citizens of Philadelphia, was held in the Hall of the Franklin Institute, for the purpose of considering the propriety of taking measures in aid of the American Colonization Society.

"Mr. Key, as the Agent of the Society, addressed the meeting, and stated, that the American Colonization Society, in consequence of its great exertions for some years past, in maintaining the Colony established on the Coast of Africa, had become involved in pecuniary embarrassments, which prevented any further active operations, and rendered it impossible to send out any more emigrants to Africa for some time. This, it was feared, would have an injurious effect upon the Colony, both in depriving it of the usual annual additions, and in leading the Colonists to suppose that they were forgotten or neglected. A more direct inconvenience was, that the Society would be unable to provide for the transportation of a large number of slaves, whose liberty was promised on this condition. He said, that there were then more than six hundred slaves willing to go to Africa, and offered by their owners to the Society on condition of their being sent to the Colony He then showed the effect of the operations of the Colonization Society in promoting the cause of Abolition, and that this was the only mode in which the friends of Abolition could hope for much success. It is well known that the laws of most, if not all the southern states, discourage the manumission of slaves, unless they are removed from the state, and that therefore those benevolent persons who may wish to liberate their slaves, cannot do so unless they also procure their removal. Besides this, the condition of a slave suddenly emancipated, and thrown upon his own resources, is very far from being improved; and, however laudable the feeling which leads to such emancipation, its policy and propriety are at least questionable. By providing a refuge for these unhappy beings, the Society removes a great obstacle to their manumission, and directly promotes the cause of Abolition. And, when it is considered, that the persons who thus offer to liberate their slaves, deprive themselves, by so doing, of a large portion of their property, they deserve every assistance in executing their benevolent intentions. That this is the cheapest and most direct

method of promoting Abolition, was evident, since the emancipation of thousands might be procured for the mere expense of transporting them to Africa; whereas, in the ordinary mode, it requires a large sum to liberate a single individual, whose liberty when attained, is, frequently, any thing but a blessing.

"Mr. Key concluded an eloquent address, by soliciting the aid of the citizens of Philadelphia for the African Colonization Society.”

Resolutions were then adopted, earnestly inviting the citizens of Philadelphia to contribute to secure funds to "be applied exclusively to the outfit and transportation of slaves who being willing to join the Colony, can be liberated only with a view to their emigration."

A Committee was appointed by this meeting consisting of Rt. Rev. Bishop White, Robert Vaux, B. W. Richards, Thomas C. James, J. K. Mitchell, George W. Blight, James Bayard and Elliott Cresson, to adopt measures for raising funds to aid the object proposed in the preceding Resolutions. An impressive address was published by this Committee, and vigorous exertions made to secure contributions. The following extracts from the

Report will show the results of these efforts.

"The Brig Liheria, a newly built vessel of this port, was engaged to go to Norfolk in Virginia, there to receive on board such liberated slaves as should be assembled by the parent Society, and sail thence on the 15th of January for the Coast of Africa.

"The terms agreed upon, were $25 for each passenger over twelve years of age-$12 50 for those between twelve and two, and nothing for infants under two. Within the time stipulated, the brig proceeded to Norfolk, and having received on board the emigrants, sailed for the Colony with fifty-eight passengers, of whom forty-nine were liberated slaves, for whose passage the Treasurer of the Pennsylvania Society paid the stipulated prices, on receiving from the Society at Washington, a list of their names and ages, together with the places from which they had come. These, it is hoped, have before this time, safely reached their adopted home on the Coast of Africa. Within a few days after the sailing of the Liberia, there arrived at Norfolk, after a toilsome journey of 600 miles over land on foot, a company of thirty enfranchised slaves, who had been liberated by a benevolent gentleman of Georgia, for the purpose of going to the Colony-and had been expected to go in the Liberia; but unfortunately were delayed till after the vessel had sailed-and they had been obliged to remain at Norfolk, waiting another opportunity,"

Subsequently the Brig Montgomery was chartered and proceeded to

Norfolk, "where she took on board seventy emigrants,* and sailed thence for Liberia on the 29th of April. The average price of each passenger in the Montgomery was $26 95, which also included a freight of a considerable quantity of provisions, and other articles, sent out for the use of the colony.

Since the sailing of the Montgomery, the Liberia has returned, after a prosperous voyage of forty-two days out, having remained three weeks at Monrovia. The account given by Captain Sherman, in his letter to the President of the society which is annexed to this report, (see Appendix A. and B.) is highly interesting and gratifying to every friend of the colony. The testimony of Captain Sherman, who is a respectable and intelligent man, and had ample opportunity for observation, is calculated to confirm the hopes, and give new vigour to the efforts of those engaged in the cause of colonization. The managers take this opportunity of expressing their gratitude to Captain Sherman for his kindness and attention to the emigrants, and the ability with which he conducted the expedition committed to his care.

The Report mentions as a truly auspicious event, the establishment of a newspaper, "the LIBERIA HERALD," in the Colony, and adds:

"The marine list contained in this number, besides the arrival of four foreign vesssels at the 'port of Monrovia,' mentions the sailing of three Colonial schooners, on trading voyages along the Coast of Africa, and the second number, since received, announces the arrival and departure of seventeen vessels. One of the Colonists, who has resided seven years in Liberia, came out with Captain Sherman, and gives a most flattering account of the situation of the Colony. The object of his visit to this country, is to see his friends, and take with him, to Africa, his mother, and his other relatives, who reside in this city. He intends to return in a few weeks.

Annexed to this report, (Appendix C. and D †) are two letters from Captain Jno. B. Nicolson, of the U. S. Navy, which are valuable for the information they contain, and as giving the opinion of an unprejudiced observer, of the state of the Colony; and also an interesting exposition

Of these, nearly two-thirds being healthy and industrious adults, (mostly farmers and mechanics,) will prove a valuable acquisition to the strength of the Colony: thirty individuals were manumitted by Col. Early of Georgia, six by Franklin Anderson, of Hagerstown, Md. six by Rev. Mr. Tilden, of Stephensburg, Va. and the remaining twenty-eight, by various benevolent persons near Lynchburgh, Va.

Most of the Letters, &c. referred to in the above, have appeared in the Repository.