entertaining reading. Perhaps, however, its chief value lies in Mr. Noice's genuine appreciation of his leader, and his admiration of his sterling qualities. At first Mr. Noice was critical of his leader and his theories of living on the land; but in time he learned to trust him implicitly, and he never wavered in his loyalty. In view of some petty criticism to which Mr. Stefansson has been subjected in Canada, this testimony of one of his close companions is valuable. We commend it particularly to certain armchair critics in Ottawa and Toronto. In his journey northward over the pack ice to search for Crocker Land, Mr. Stefansson chose as his companions Messrs. Knight and Noice. In lat. 80°26′N. the party turned back, a hundred and twenty miles offshore on moving ice with only five days' food on hand. "There was no panic," writes Mr. Noice a few days later, "we had confidence in our leader." And again, "It never occurred to us that Stefansson would get us into anything that he could not get us out of." Mr. Stefansson may overdo his theme of a friendly Arctic, but he did not fail these men who had the good sense to trust him. Talking in one of their camps on Melville Island Mr. Stefansson said his forthcoming book would be a failure. Every acre of grass, every patch of flowers, would handicap the book because they would interfere with the popular conception of the Arctic as a desert of snow and ice. "The book will be unpopular and I shall be branded as a faker.” Mr. Noice's story shows that Stefansson had some loyal men with him but that he was not so happy in the choice of all on whom he had to depend. R. N. R. B.

GENERAL.

The Statesman's Year-Book. Edited by Sir JOHN SCOTT KELTIE, LL.D., and M. EPSTEIN, Ph.D. London: Macmillan and Co., Ltd., 1924. Price 20s. net. As usual the editors have done their work well, and the sixty-first issue maintains the merit of its predecessors as an invaluable authoritative account of the countries of the world. Recent constitutional changes in various countries receive special attention, and the section on Turkey has been brought up to date. Two maps showing Turkey in Europe, according to the Lausanne Treaty (1923), and the Syrio-Palestine Boundary, according to the Beyrouth Agreement (1922), are included.

The Life and Times of Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt. A Study in the Origin of the Roman Empire. By ARTHUR WEIGALL, late Inspector - General of Antiquities, Government of Egypt, etc. New and revised edition. London: Thornton Butterworth, Ltd., 1923. Price 218. net.

The prominence into which Egypt has recently been thrown may be the reason for the issue of a second edition of this work, but it really requires no excuse. Whatever may be thought of the soundness historically of Mr. Weigall's estimate of the character of Cleopatra, we can at least read his narrative with pleasure and profit. The illustrations are numerous, and include adequate maps.

Ramblings of a Rolling Stone. By GERALD P. STEVENS. Demy Svo. Pp. 260. London T. Fisher Unwin, Ltd., 1924. Price 12s. 6d.

"A rolling stone gathers no moss," but "A gaun fit 's aye gettin'." The latter saying is applicable to Mr. Stevens, who in this delightful volume shows that during his wanderings among British colonies he has accumulated a fund of information, knowledge, and experience which, useful and interesting to himself, will prove of value to those who read his "ramblings."

From his school days at Westminster, where Dr. Heard, late of Fettes, was his

housemaster, we follow him through his Cambridge career and till he became a briefless barrister. Then the East called him to Singapore, and after dealing with various sides of life in that outpost he advances good reasons for not spending large sums in converting the place into a huge arsenal and garrison town. From the East he went to the Gold Coast as a District Commissioner. At Aburi he saw the result of the first attempt to grow cacao trees in this part of the world, a result which did not foreshadow the incalculable good the colony was to derive from the cultivation of this plant. Fifteen years he spent in British East Africa (Kenya), where, in addition to practising his profession and taking part in various forms of sport, he started to grow coffee, now the staple crop, but then new to the country, and he mentions that land round Nairobi which seventeen years ago could be bought at from ten to twenty shillings an acre, is now only procurable at twenty pounds an acre. He pays a tribute to the far-sightedness of Sir Percy Girouard in his work for the colony, and wonders when "the big little people at home will learn to trust the little big people abroad," selected, as he remarks, by themselves. Informative chapters deal with sisal and coffee plantations, and ostriches, flax, and dairy farming. His account of war happenings in East Africa is well worth reading, as also his view of the prospects of Kenya. Numerous colonial figures of more than passing interest are glimpsed in his pages, and his stories of men or events give vivid pictures of the scenes and people he has encountered. Mr. Stevens writes with a pleasing and intimate touch and sometimes with considerable "punch."

Tales of Turkey. By Major E. W. C. SANDES, D.S.O., M.C., R.E., author of In Kut and Captivity with the Sixth Indian Division. London: John Murray, 1924. Price 5s. net.

This book is a supplement to the author's previous and larger work, and it describes the journey from Kut to Yozgad, and incidents that occurred during the captivity. Major Sandes has keen powers of observation, and he records many things seen which reveal interesting features of Turkish life and character. The narrative concludes with the collapse of Turkey, and the release of the author and his fellow prisoners.

BOOKS RECEIVED.

EUROPE.

Dumbartonshire: County and Burgh from the beginning of the 19th century to the present time, forming the 3rd and concluding part of a revised History of Dumbartonshire. By JOHN IRVING, F.S.A.Scot. Royal 4to. Pp. 194. Dumbarton Bennett and Thomson, 1924.

Clydesdale. By A. MACCALLUM SCOTT. Demy 8vo. Pp. 272. With 8 Plates. London Thornton Butterworth, Ltd., 1924. Price 78. 6d. net.

Report of the Port Facilities of Great Britain. Second Edition. Pp. 291. London Chamber of Shipping of the United Kingdom, 1924.

Europe: Vol. 1. The Peninsula. Edited by B. C. WALLIS, B.Sc. (Lond.). Compendium of Geography and Travel (New Issue). With Maps and Illustrations. Crown 8vo. Pp. xxiii + 763. London: Edward Stanford, Ltd., 1924.

Price 15s. net.

Spanish Waters. By HENRY REYNOLDS. Illustrated. Royal 8vo. Pp. 304. London: Hurst and Blackett, Ltd., 1924. Price 18s. net.

By

Adventures in Turkey and Russia.
Pp. x + 240. London: John Murray, 1924.

E. H. KEELING, M.C. Demy 8vo.
Price 10s. 6d. net.

Crown 8vo.

Die Rheinlande von der Elsässischen bis zur Hollandischen Grenze. Rheinpfalz. Saargebiet. Handbuch für Reisende. Von KARL BAEDEKER. Pp. xlviii+ 450. Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1925.

Das Hellenische Thessalien. Von Dr. FRIEDRICH STÄHLIN. Pp. xxiii.+245. Stuttgart: J. Engelhorns Nachfolger, 1924.

ASIA.

Demy 8vo.

To Lhasa in Disguise: An Account of a Secret Expedition through Mysterious Tibet. By Wм. MONTGOMERY M'GOVERN, Ph.D. (Oxon.). With 16 Plates. Demy 8vo. Pp. 352. London: Thornton Butterworth, Ltd., 1924. Price

218. net.

Tidemarks: Some Records of a Journey to the Beaches of the Moluccas and Forest of Malaya in 1923. By H. M. TOMLINSON. Demy 8vo. Pp. 311. London: Cassell and Co., Ltd., 1924. Price 12s. 6d. net.

Twenty Years in Borneo. By CHARLES BRUCE. Demy 8vo. Pp. 266. With 16 Half-tone Plates. London: Cassell and Co., Ltd., 1924. Price 15s. net.

AFRICA.

Far Away up the Nile. By JOHN G. MILLAIS. With Illustrations from Drawings by the Author. Imperial 8vo. Pp. x+254. London: Longmans, Green and Co., 1924. Price 30s. net.

The Shifting Sands of Algeria. BY CHERRY KEARTON. With 79 Photographs. Royal 8vo. Pp. 306. London: Arrowsmith, 1924. Price 25s.

Kenya. By NORMAN LEYS, M.B., D.P.H. With an Introduction by Professor GILBERT MURRAY. Demy 8vo. Pp. 409. London: Hogarth Press, 1924. Price

158. net.

The Mauritius Almanac and Commercial Handbook for 1924-25. Compiled by A. WALTER, F.R.A.S. 56th Publication. Port Louis: 1924. Price Rs. 10. Report on the Survey Department, Gold Coast. Accra 1924. Price 2s.

AMERICA.

Gypsy Fires in America: Life among the Romanies of the United States and Canada. By IRVING BROWN. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii + 244. London: Harper Brothers, 1924. Price 12s. 6d. net.

Central America: New Paths in Ancient Lands. By L. E. ELLIOTT, F.R.G.S., F.R.A.I. With Illustrations and a Map. Demy 8vo. Pp. xii +280. London : Methuen and Co., Ltd., 1924. Price 15s. net.

The South American Handbook, 1925: Guide to Latin-America, inclusive of South and Central America, Mexico, and Cuba. Crown 8vo. Pp. lxviii+628. London South American Publications, Ltd., 1925.

Adventures in Peru. By C. H. PRODGERS. Demy 8vo. Pp. 268. With 14 Illustrations. London: John Lane, 1924. Price 12s. 6d.

Civil Wars in Peru: The War of Las Salnias. By PEDRO DE CIEZA DE LEON. Translated with an Introduction by SIR CLEMENTS MARKHAM, K.C.B., F.R.S., D.Sc. Demy 8vo. Pp. xxiv +304. Second Series, No. LIV. London: Hakluyt Society, 1923. Price 25s. net.

OCEANIA.

The Social and Political Systems of Central Polynesia. By R. W. WILLIAMSON, M.Sc. 3 vols. Demy 8vo. Vol. 1. pp. xiv +438; Vol. 11. pp. 496; Vol. 111. pp. 487. Cambridge: University Press, 1924. Price 758.

In Southern Seas: Wanderings of a Naturalist. By W. RAMSAY SMITH, M.D., D.Sc., F.R.S. With Illustrations. Demy 8vo. Pp. xviii+297. London: John Murray, 1924. Price 16s. net.

ARCTIC

My Eskimo Friends: "Nanook of the North." By ROBERT J. FLAHERTY, F.R.G.S. Illustrated. Imperial Demy. Pp. 170. London: William Heinemann, Ltd., 1924. Price 21s.

GENERAL.

The Relations of Geography and History. By the late H. B. GEORGE, M.A. Fifth Edition. Edited by O. J. R. HOWARTH, M.A. Crown 8vo. Pp. vii +330. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924. Price 5s.

The Origin of Continents and Oceans. By ALFRED WEGENER. Translated from the Third German Edition by J. G. A. SKERL, M.Sc. With an Introduction by JOHN W. EVANS, C.B.E., F.R.S. With 44 Illustrations. Demy 8vo. Pp. xx+212. London: Methuen and Co., Ltd., 1924. Price 10s. 6d. net.

Manuel de Politique Musulmane. Par UN AFRICAIN. Crown 8vo. Pp. 189. Paris Bossard, 1925. Prix 7.50 fr.

The Military Uses of Astronomy. By Major F. C. MOLESWORTH, R.E. With a Foreword by General Sir W. R. BIRDWOOD, Bart. With Diagrams. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix + 112. London: Longmans, Green and Co., 1924. Price 3s. 6d.

The Geographical Conceptions of Columbus: A Critical Consideration of Four Problems. By GEORGE E. NUNN. New York: American Geographical Society,

1924.

Climatic Laws: Ninety Generalizations, with Numerous Corollaries, as to the Geographic Distribution of Temperature, Wind, Moisture, etc. A Summary of Climate. By STEPHEN SARGENT VISHER, Ph.D. Demy 8vo. Pp. 96. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1924. Price 78. 6d. net.

Eastward. By LOUIS COUPERUS. Translated by J. MENZIES-WILSON and C. C. CRISPIN. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xii+286. London: Hurst and Blackett, Ltd., 1924. Price 188. net.

The Races of Man and their Distribution. By A. C. HADDON, Sc.D., F.R.S. New Edition. Crown 8vo. Pp. vi+184. Cambridge: University Press, 1924. Price 6s. net.

Morphologie Terrestre. By JOVAN CVIJIC. Tome Premier. Royal 4to. Pp. xxi +588. Belgrade, 1924.

EDUCATIONAL.

The Continent of Europe. By LIONEL W. LYDE, M.A., F.R.G.S. Demy 8vo. Pp. xv+456. Second Edition. London: Macmillan and Co., Ltd., 1924. Price

10s. net.

The Primary School: Suggestions for the Consideration of Teachers. By J. HUTCHISON. Crown 8vo. Pp. 393. Cape Town: 1923.

School Geography: A Critical Survey of Present-Day Teaching Methods. By E. J. G. BRADFORD, M.Sc. Demy 8vo. Pp. 104. London: Ernest Benn, Ltd., 1925. Price 7s. 6d. net.

Australasia and New Zealand. By B. C. WALLIS, B.Sc., F.R.G.S. Crown 8vo. Pp. viii + 350. London: Macmillan and Co., Ltd., 1924. Price 6s. Round the World in Folk Tales: A Regional Treatment. By RACHEL M. FLEMING. Demy 8vo. Pp. xi + 49. London B. T. BATSFORD, Ltd., 1924.

Price 2s. net.

A Roxen Lake in Canada. By Prof. W. M. DAVIS. (With
Diagrams), .

The Human Geography of Lewis. By ALEX. STEVENS, M.A.,
B.Sc., Lecturer in Geography at the University of Glasgow. (With
Sketch-Map and Illustrations),

Page

65

75

The Work of the Topographical Survey of Canada. By
E. M. DENNIS,

89

Some Impressions of Slovakia. By CHARLOTTE A. SIMPSON,
B.Sc. (With Illustrations), .

97

104

106

Negro Problems in Tropical Africa: Reviews of Recent
Books,

Geographical Notes,

The Deeside Area-The Japanese Earthquake of 1923-Morocco and the High
Atlas-Resources of Alaska-Meeting of British Association-The Inter-
national Geographical Congress at Cairo-The Taungs Skull-The Lot's Wife
Rock, St. Helena-The Economics of Rubber.

PUBLISHED BY THE ROYAL SCOTTISH GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY, CASTLE TERRACE.

Printed in Great Britain by T. AND A. CONSTABLE LTD., Edinburgh.

Agents-EDINBURGH: Douglas & Foulis.

GLASGOW MacLehose, Jackson & Co.

LONDON: Edward Stanford, Ltd., 12, 13 and 14 Long Acre, W.C.

Issued Bimonthly to Members of the Society, on Jan. 15, Mar. 16, May 15, Price to Non-Members, 3s.

July 15, Sept. 15, and Nov. 15.