Evoked Spinal Cord Potentials: An illustrated Guide to Physiology, Pharmocology, and Recording TechniquesTechniques using evoked spinal cord potentials (SCPs) have become important clinical tools for monitoring spinal cord surgery and diagnosing spinal cord diseases. This book surveys the neurophysiological and neuropharmacological bases of evoked SCPs with reference to animal studies and to recording those potentials mainly from the spinal epidural space. Generous use of illustrations promotes understanding of the neurophysiological and neuropharmacological backgrounds of monitoring spinal cord functions, and case studies provide additional insight into the monitoring and diagnosis of spinal cord dysfunction and disease. The book is especially useful for students and those new to the fields of clinical neurophysiology, neurosurgery, neurology, orthopedics, and neuroanesthesia. No other text sets forth the terminology of the components of evoked SCPs as clearly as this volume does with its careful use of lucid explanations and illustrations. |
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Table des matières
3 | |
12 Spinal Meninges | 8 |
14 Afferent Input to the Spinal Cord | 14 |
15 Somatosensory and Other Ascending Tracts | 17 |
152 Spinothalamic and Associated Tracts of the Anterolateral Quadrant | 20 |
16 Input to the Spinal Cord from Pathways Descending from the Brain | 21 |
161 Corticospinal Tract | 22 |
162 Other Descending Pathways from the Brain | 24 |
526 Summary | 96 |
53 Effects of Inhalation Anesthetics | 98 |
542 Epidural Lidocaine on Conducting SCPs | 100 |
543 Intrathecal Lidocaine on Conducting SCPs | 101 |
544 Summary | 102 |
Motor Evoked SCPs | 103 |
Transcranial Magnetically Evoked SCPs TCMEvoked SCPs | 105 |
12 Basic Patterns of TCMEvoked SCPs | 106 |
Physiology of the Spinal Cord | 26 |
22 Responses of Nociceptive Dorsal Horn Neurons to Peripheral Input | 29 |
23 Responses of Spinal Cord Neurons to Corticospinal Volleys | 32 |
Pharmacology of the Spinal Cord | 34 |
Overviews of Human Evoked Spinal Cord Potentials SCPs Recording Methods and Terminology | 40 |
42 Recording Methods of Human SCPs from the Posterior Epidural Space | 44 |
43 Six Different Kinds of Human SCPs Recorded from the Epidural Space | 46 |
433 Slow SCPs Produced by Antidromic Stimulation of the Spinal Cord Descending SCP | 48 |
TCMEvoked SCPs | 49 |
Somatosensory Evoked Spinal Cord Potentials Segmental SCPs | 52 |
Segmental SCPs | 53 |
12 Comparison with Skin Surface Recordings | 54 |
14 Origins of the Segmental SCP | 57 |
143 The Slow Positive Wave P Wave P2 Wave | 61 |
Spinal Cord Potentials Evoked by Ascending Volleys | 65 |
22 SCPs Evoked by Two Ascending Volleys from the Cauda Equina | 66 |
23 Conduction Velocities of Ascending Volleys Along the Cord | 67 |
Spinal Cord Potentials Evoked by Descending Volleys | 71 |
32 Effects of Graded Stimulation to Determine the Population of Spinal Tract Fibers that Produce Descending SCPs | 73 |
33 Effects of Double Shocks on Descending SCPs | 76 |
34 Origins of Descending N and P Waves in Human SCPs | 77 |
35 Spinal Tracts Producing N and P Waves | 79 |
Heterosegmental SCPs HSPs | 82 |
42 Fundamental Patterns of the HSP | 83 |
43 Central Nuclei of the HSP | 85 |
44 The Relationship Between WDR Neuron Activities and HSP | 87 |
Clinical Pharmacology | 90 |
52 Effects of Intravenous Anesthetics | 91 |
522 Ketamine Hydrochloride | 93 |
523 Fentanyl Citrate and Droperidol | 94 |
525 Diazepam | 95 |
13 Effects of Intravenous Anesthetics | 107 |
14 Effects of Inhalation Anesthetics | 110 |
Transcranial Electrically Evoked SCPs TCEEvoked SCPs | 112 |
214 Recording | 113 |
215 Discussion | 117 |
22 TCEEvoked SCPs in Animals and Human | 118 |
222 Experimental Studies | 119 |
223 Comparison Between Direct and TCEevoked SCPs | 121 |
23 TCEEvoked Potentials from Muscle and TCEEvoked SCPs | 124 |
233 Results | 125 |
234 Discussion | 128 |
24 Effects of Intravenous and Inhalational Anesthetics | 129 |
242 Methods for Recording TCEEvoked SCPs | 130 |
243 The Effects of Inhalation Anesthetics | 132 |
Case Studies Clinical Applications | 134 |
Monitoring by SCPs During Surgical Operations | 137 |
12 Spinal Cord Surgery | 140 |
122 Spinal Cord Tumor | 143 |
13 Spinal Cord Hypothermia During Aortic Surgery | 150 |
131 Discussion | 151 |
14 Spinal Cord Ischemia During Aortic Surgery | 153 |
142 TCEEvoked Electromyograms During Thoracoabdominal Aortic Surgery | 156 |
15 Cardiovascular Surgery | 160 |
152 Motor Evoked Potential | 165 |
Diagnosis by Spinal Cord Potentials of Spinal Diseases | 174 |
21 Spinal Cord Potentials in Patients with ALS | 175 |
22 Spinal Cord Potentials in Patients with Tabes Dorsalis | 176 |
23 Spinal Cord Potentials in Patients with Spinal Tumors | 177 |
References | 180 |
207 | |
Autres éditions - Tout afficher
Evoked Spinal Cord Potentials: An Illustrated Guide to Physiology ... Koki Shimoji,William D. Willis, Jr. Aucun aperçu disponible - 2016 |
Evoked Spinal Cord Potentials: An illustrated Guide to Physiology ... Koki Shimoji,William D. Jr. Willis Aucun aperçu disponible - 2005 |