SECT. XI. Christ at the House of a Pharisee. MATT. MARK LUKE XI. 37 Now as he spake, a certain Pharisee entreated him to dine with him: and having entered into his house, he placed himself at table. 38 But when the Pharisee saw it, he wondered, because he had not first washed before dinner. 89 But the Lord said unto him, "Now ye Pharisees make clean the outside of the cup and of the dish; but what is within yourselves, is full of rapine and wickedness. 40 Foolish men! did not he that made that which is without, make that also which is within? 41 But rather give for alms those things which belong to you;* and, behold, all things are clean unto you. 43 Woe 42 "But woe for you, Pharisees! for ye pay tithe 45 And one of the Lawyers answered and said • Or, give alms according to your ability, τα ενόντα, supplying κατα. JOHN 'κρισις + Kuinoel thinks that Γραμματευς, Scribe, Νομικος, Lauyer, and Νομοδιδασκαλος, Doctor (or Teacher) of the Law, all mean the same. In the Gospels, Luke alone employs the last, and once only. He nses Νομικος seven times; and besides these cases it occurs only in Matt. xxii. 35. Γραμματεύς is the common appellation; and indeed it appears to be the most generic, denoting all who had the charge of transcribing and interpreting the Law, and deciding on its application. Νομικος, perhaps, denoted those whose peculiar office was interpreting the Law, and deciding on legal difficulties; and the Νομοδιδασκάλοι appear to have been the Rabbis of the greatest eminence, who presided in the schools of learning; such as Gamallel, to whom Luke applies the appellation in Acts v. 84. He and other of the Scribes were members of the Sanhedrim. For want of a better word, Lawyer has been retained as the rendering of Nομικος. MATT. MARK LUKE XI. JOHN Matt. 23; 34-36. 49 (Wherefore also the wisdom of God hath said,* 80 ὁ οικος 53 And as he was saying these things unto them, the Scribes and the Pharisees began to urge him vehemently, and to incite him to speak without forethought of many things; 54 laying wait for him, and seeking to catch something from his mouth, that they might accuse him.t + SECT. XII. The Day of Parables. - Parable of the Sower: Explanation of it: Parable of the Tares: Springing and Growth of Corn: Mustard-seed: Leaven: Explanation of the Parable of the Tares: Hidden Treasure: Merchant seeking Pearls : Fish taken in a Net. • The declarations in these verses appear to have been added by the recorder, as what he knew to have been uttered by Christ in a similar connection. See Part VIII. Sect. v. §. 11. + The spirit and purposes of the enemies of Christ are here distinctly displayed. All the circumstances well suit this period of his ministry, when the Sanhedrim (Sect. viii.) had already resolved to put him to death; and when Scribes had come from Jerusalem (Sect. x.) obviously to watch him, and to thwart his influence. The Pharisee at whose house he now was, appears to have invited him in order to promote such purposes; and the severity of our Lord's language accords with the occasion. The twelfth chapter-beginning εν οἱς, in which circumstances, or, during these occurrencesis, in the present edition, transferred to this Part (Sect. xv), so as to connect it, in time, with Sect. x. and xi. See the reasons assigned at the end of this Part. MATT. XIII. whole multitude stood on the shore. And he spake many things unto them in parables, saying, "The sower went forth to sow his seed: and as he was sowing, some seed fell by the way side; and it was trodden down, and the birds of heaven devoured it. And other seed fell upon the rock; and as soon as it was sprung up, it withered away, because it had not moisture. by the sea on the land. * And he taught them many things in parables, and said unto them in his teaching, "Heark"Behold, the sower went en! Behold, the sower forth to sow; and as he went forth to sow: and was sowing, some seeds it came to pass, as he was fell by the way side, and sowing, that some seed the birds came and de- fell by the way side, and voured them. And the birds came and deothers fell upon rocky voured it. And other places, where they had seed fell on rocky ground, not much earth and where it had not much forthwith they sprang up, earth ; and forthwith because they had no it sprang up, because it depth of earth : * but had no depth of earth : when the sun arose, 6 but, when the they were scorched; and arose, it was scorched; because they had no and because it had no root, they withered away. root, it withered away. And others fell upon 7 And other seed fell And other fell thorns; and the thorns among thorns, and the in the midst of thorns ; came up, and choked thorns came up, and and the thorns sprang them. choked it, and it yield up with, and choked it. 8 But others ed 8 And And other fell on good fell upon good ground, other fell on good ground, ground, and sprang up, and yielded fruit, one and yielded fruit that and bare fruit a hundredhundred, another came up and increased; fold." sixty, another thirty. and it brought forth, a fruit. no sun JOHN γίνεται 13 MATT. XIII. For whosoever hath, to him shall be given, and he shall have abundance but whosoever hath not, from him shall be taken away even what he hath. 13 Wherefore I speak to them in parables: because seeing they see not; and hearing they hear not; nor do they understand. 14 And on them is fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah, which saith, 'By hearing ye will hear, and yet not understand; and seeing ye will see, and yet not perceive: 15 for the heart of this people is become gross, and their ears are dull of hearing, and their eyes they have closed; lest at any time they should see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and be converted, and I should heal them.' blessed are your eyes, for they see and your ears, for they bear. 17 For verily I say unto you, Many prophets and righteous men have desired to see what ye see, and have not seen; and to hear what ye hear, and have not heard. 16 But MARK IV. 12 that seeing they may see, and not perceive: and hearing they may hear, and not understand; lest at any time they should be converted, and their sins be forgiven them." • Lit. and with their ears they hear heavily. + Newc. so that they see not with their eyes, nor hear with their ears, nor understand with their hearts nor are converted, that I should heal them. † Or, since (iva) seeing they see, and do not perceive; and hearing they hear, and do not understand; so that (μηποτε) they are not converted, and their sins forgiven.-See Kuinoel. § Or, since (iva) seeing they do not see; and hearing they do not understand. 18 MATT. XIII. 21 MARK IV. 17 11 LUKE VIII. 13 And he saith unto them, "Know ye not this parable? how then will ye know all parables? "Now the parable 14 The sower soweth the is this: The seed is the Hear ye therefore word. 15 Now those by word of God. 12 Those the parable of the sower. the way side, are they in by the way side, are they 19 When any one heareth whom the word is sown, that hear; then cometh the word of the kingdom, and when they have the devil, and taketh and doth not understand, heard, Satan straight away the word from their the wicked one cometh, way cometh, and taketh heart, lest they should and seizeth that which away the word that was believe and be saved. was sown in his heart: sown in their hearts. 13 And they on the rock, this is he that received 16 And these in like are they, who, when seed+ by the way side. manner are they that they hear, receive the 20 And he that received receive seed on the rocky word with joy; and seed on the rocky places, places; who, when they these have not root; is he who though he have heard the word, who, for a time only heareth the word, and straightway receive it believe, and in time of straightway receiveth it with joy; yet have temptation fall away. with joy; yet hath not root in themselves, not root in himself, but but are of short durais of short duration: and tion: then, when tribuwhen tribulation or per- lation or persecution secution ariseth on aс- ariseth on account of the count of the word, he is word, they are straightstraightway caused to way caused to fall. fall. 22 And he that 18 And others are they received seed among that receive seed athe thorns, is he that mong the thorns: these heareth the word; and are they that hear the yet the care of this word, 19 and the cares world, and the deceitful of the world, and the ness of riches, choke the deceitfulness of riches, word, and it becometh and the desires concernunfruitful. ing other things, entering in, choke the word, and it becometh unfruitful. And these are they that received seed on the good ground; those who hear the word, and receive it, and bring 23 But he that received seed into the good ground, is he that heareth and understand eth the word; who indeed beareth fruit, and 20 14 And that which fell 15 But that on the good * όπου, where. See Kuinoel, who says that the Syriac so renders the clause. JOHN αιων † οὗτος εστιν ὁ σπαρεις. Bishop Pearce (here and in the following verses) supplies σπορος seed: but the common rendering is justifiable, and more fully shows the analogy. R |